TITLE: Analog gravity in Dirac materials
AUTHOR: Mireia Tolosa-Simeón, Ruhr-Universität Bochum
WHEN: Tuesday, March, 10 - 11AM
WHERE: Salón de Actos, ICMM
ABSTRACT: Condensed matter systems can be used in various scenarios to emulate and study phenomena from a completely different field of physics, for example, elementary particle physics or gravity. Such analog condensed matter models provide a novel perspective to approach questions that are not directly accessible in the original systems as they can potentially be realized experimentally in a well-controlled setup. In this project [1], we address the problem of cosmological fermion production in expanding universes using Dirac materials as analog models. Recently, two-dimensional moiré Dirac materials, such as twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), have been established as highly tunable condensed matter platforms allowing us to manipulate electronic band structures and interaction effects in a controlled manner. A remarkable feature of Dirac materials is the presence of fermionic low-energy excitations, described by a quasirelativistic Dirac equation where the velocity of light is replaced by the Fermi velocity. The Fermi velocity can be tuned dynamically over several orders of magnitude leading to a time-dependent metric for the Dirac fermions. In addition, we consider the presence of time-dependent Dirac masses that may originate from symmetry breaking and lead to a finite band gap in the energy dispersion. These ingredients allow us to construct an analog model for the phenomenon of cosmological fermion production in expanding universes, arising due to a time-dependent metric and conformal symmetry breaking.
[1] M. Tolosa-Simeón, M. M. Scherer and S. Floerchinger, Analog of cosmological particle production in Dirac materials, Phys. Rev. B 110, 085421 (2024).
